Antimony pentoxide
Antimony pentoxide
CAS: 1314-60-9
Molecular Formula: O5Sb2
Antimony pentoxide - Names and Identifiers
| Name | Antimony pentoxide |
| Synonyms | antimonic acid Antimonic“acid” Antimony(V) oxide Antimony pentoxide ANTIMONY PENTOXIDE Antimonic anhydride 1,3-dioxodistiboxane 1,3-dioxide |
| CAS | 1314-60-9 |
| EINECS | 215-237-7 |
| InChI | InChI=1/3H2O.O.Sb/h3*1H2;;/q;;;;+3/p-3/rH3O4Sb/c1-5(2,3)4/h(H3,1,2,3,4) |
Antimony pentoxide - Physico-chemical Properties
| Molecular Formula | O5Sb2 |
| Molar Mass | 323.52 |
| Density | 3.78g/mLat 25°C(lit.) |
| Melting Point | 380°C (dec.)(lit.) |
| Water Solubility | Slightly soluble in water. Slowly dissolves in warm HCl and warm KOH. Insoluble in HNO3 |
| Appearance | Powder |
| Specific Gravity | 3.8 |
| Color | Yellow |
| Exposure Limit | ACGIH: TWA 0.5 mg/m3NIOSH: IDLH 50 mg/m3; TWA 0.5 mg/m3 |
| Merck | 14,698 |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with acids, reducing agents. |
| Physical and Chemical Properties | Antimony pentoxide is also known as antimony anhydride. Chemical formula Sb2O5. Molecular weight 323.50. White cubic crystals or pale yellow powder. Relative density of 3.80, the melting point of 300 deg C, higher than 380 deg C when the loss of an oxygen atom to generate four antimony oxide, 930 deg C when the loss of a molecule of oxygen to generate antimony trioxide. Slightly soluble in water, nitric acid, iodine hydrogen acid and alcohol, soluble in hot hydrochloric acid, potassium hydroxide and potassium iodide solution. Reaction with alkali, potassium carbonate and ammonium sulfide. production method: the metal antimony is obtained by interaction with concentrated nitric acid or by reaction of antimony oxide (Sb2O3) with nitric acid. use: antimony compound is also a commonly used inorganic flame retardant, especially when combined with halogen-containing flame retardant, it can produce great flame retardant synergistic effect, thus, the amount of halogen-containing flame retardant can be greatly reduced. Therefore, it is also an effective flame retardant. Colloidal antimony pentoxide particles are very fine, used as flame retardant polymer materials, its flame retardant performance is better than non colloidal antimony pentoxide and antimony trioxide. For plastics, coatings, textile materials, easy to use, especially suitable for high-grade special products on the flame retardant. It can also be used in antimony-making compounds and in the pharmaceutical industry. Figure 1 shows the chemical structure of antimony pentoxide. |
| Use | It can be used as an efficient flame retardant synergist for chemical fiber fabrics, plastics, paper, rubber and copper clad laminates |
Antimony pentoxide - Risk and Safety
| Hazard Symbols | Xi - Irritant |
| Risk Codes | 36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. |
| Safety Description | S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S36 - Wear suitable protective clothing. |
| UN IDs | 1549 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | CC6300000 |
| TSCA | Yes |
| Hazard Class | 6.1 |
| Packing Group | III |
| Toxicity | LD50 i.p. in rats: 400.0 mg Sb/100 g (Bradley, Fredrick) |
Antimony pentoxide - Upstream Downstream Industry
| Raw Materials | Hydrogen peroxide Antimony(III) oxide |
Antimony pentoxide - Reference Information
| EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
| additive flame retardant | antimony pentoxide is a general purpose additive flame retardant, which is often used in combination with organic chlorine and bromine flame retardants, the synergistic effect was good. Used for polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyester and other plastic flame retardant. Antimony pentoxide hydrosol can be uniformly and stably dispersed in the textile slurry, and can be very fine particles dispersed in the fiber, suitable for textile flame retardant fiber. It can also be used for flame retardant finishing of fabrics. The fabric treated with it has high washing fastness, does not affect the color of the fabric, and has soft hand and better effect. Water solution dry powder appearance white emulsion white loose powder Sb2O3/% about 30 about 92 relative density 1.320.23~1.3/m3 (bulk density) viscosity/mPa · s about 10 average particle size/μm0.015~0.0400.015~0.040 (dispersed in water) stabilizer/% about 5 stable/month> 6 about 5 The above table is the product quality reference standard for colloidal antimony pentoxide. |
| antimony poisoning | tissue damage, physiological dysfunction and other phenomena occur due to antimony entering the human body or contact with the human body. Antimony poisoning is a systemic disease. Short-term inhalation of high concentrations of antimony dust or oral antimony compounds or injection of antimony preparation treatment of excessive, can cause acute poisoning. Long-term inhalation of lower concentrations of antimony dust can cause chronic respiratory inflammation or antimony pneumoconiosis. Antimony can also cause dermatitis. Industrial production of antimony exposure operations, mainly antimony mining, smelting, antimony alloy manufacturing and rubber, semiconductor and other industries. in industrial production, antimony mainly enters the body through the respiratory tract and digestive tract in the form of dust and vapor, and is mainly distributed in the liver, spleen and thyroid gland, bone marrow, lung and myocardium. A poorly soluble antimony compound that enters the respiratory tract and is deposited in the lungs. The order of Antimony toxicity from large to small is: Antimony, antimony disulfide, Antimony pentasulfide, antimony trioxide, antimony pentoxide. Antimony accumulates in the body. Antimony is excreted in the feces and urine. Antimony binds to sulfhydryl groups in the body, inhibits the activity of succinate oxidase containing sulfhydryl enzymes, disrupts intracellular ion balance, and causes intracellular potassium deficiency. Among the patients with occupational acute antimony poisoning, the patients with mild occupational antimony poisoning were characterized by irritation of the conjunctiva and respiratory tract. Severe acute bronchitis and chemical Pneumonia. Such as Cough, expectoration and chest tightness, severe cases can appear Dyspnea and other symptoms. Inhalation of higher concentrations of antimony oxide, can cause metal smoke heat, manifested as dizziness, Fatigue, chest tightness, joint pain, and chills Fever. The maximum allowable concentration of antimony and its compounds (converted into Sb) in the air of the workshop was 1mg/m3 in 1980 in China, and the threshold value of antimony was 5mg/m3 in 1980 in the United States. This information was edited by chemical book Xiaonan (2015-08-20). |
| preparation of antimony pentoxide | the process of producing antimony pentoxide or colloidal antimony pentoxide from antimony pentachloride, water-insoluble antimonate or antimony trioxide, it belongs to the category of industrial antimony compound preparation. Antimony pentoxide is mainly used in the production of fire retardants. Colloidal antimony pentoxide particles are very fine, generally less than 0.1 μm, for the fire of textiles, the performance of textiles is small. The Development of colloidal antimony pentoxide began in the 20th century 70's, the early 80's in the United States and Japan to produce, the late 80's China Tin Mine Bureau and Yiyang antimony factory and other units also to produce. Antimony pentoxide production methods include antimony pentachloride hydrolysis and antimony trioxide oxidation. The latter is the most widely used method for the industrial production of colloidal antimony pentoxide. 1, antimony pentachloride hydrolysis method: Antimony trichloride solution with chlorine oxidation of antimony pentachloride solution. The antimony pentachloride solution was diluted with 20-25 times of cold water for hydrolysis, left for several hours and filtered. The filter cake was washed with cold water and dried at 548k to constant weight. The hydrolysis reaction is: SbCl5 4H2O = = H3SbO4 5HCl2H3SbO4 = Sb2O5 3H2O. strict control of drying temperature is required during operation. If the temperature is too high, oxygen will be lost to form Sb2O4; If the temperature is too low, dehydration is incomplete. Studies have shown that industrial antimony pentoxide always contains some water (hydrated antimony pentoxide) or Sb2O4. If the amount of water added for the hydrolysis is insufficient, the hydrolysis produces SbO2Cl:SbCl5 2H2O = SbO2Cl 4HCl. In this case, the Cl-ions need to be neutralized with an alkaline solution: 2SbO2Cl 2OH-= Sb2O5 2Cl- H2O. 2, antimony trioxide oxidation method: using nitric acid or hydrogen peroxide as oxidant Sb2O3 oxidation into Sb2O5. Hydrogen peroxide does not have the pollution problem of nitrogen oxide, and is often used in industrial production. Sb2O3 and H2O2 were added stoichiometrically to the reflux reactor, and an appropriate amount of water was added and reacted with stirring. The reaction can be carried out at normal temperature, but in actual production, the colloidal antimony pentoxide solutions with different concentrations are obtained after a reaction of several minutes to tens of minutes by external heating to the temperature at which reflux occurs. The reaction was: Sb2O3 2H2O2 = Sb2O5 2H2O. after the solution is cooled, the insoluble residue is filtered off to obtain the product. This colloidal solution is unstable, often added organic solvent stabilizer, such as alkanolamine (such as triethanolamine, diethanolamine, etc.), aliphatic 2-hydroxycarboxylic acid (such as tartaric acid, citric acid, grape acid, etc.), polyhydric alcohols (such as ethylene glycol, glycerol Acyl, etc.). The colloidal antimony pentoxide solution is spray dried at a low temperature (e. G., 333k) to obtain a dry powder of antimony pentoxide, which is convenient for storage and transportation. The dry powder can be redissolved in water or organic solvents, such as dimethylacetamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetone, methylene chloride, ethylene glycol, etc., and then become colloidal antimony pentoxide. |
| Use | can be used as chemical fiber fabrics, plastics, paper, efficient flame retardant synergist for rubber and copper clad laminates used in the pharmaceutical industry and in the manufacture of antimony compounds in the manufacture of antimony salts and antimony compounds. Oxidant. For the manufacture of antimonates, antimony compounds and the pharmaceutical industry. |
| production method | 1. Ion exchange method sodium antimonate (see sodium antimonate) 2 parts with deionized water mixed into a colloidal solution, with the gear pump into the ion exchange column for ion exchange. The ion exchange column was loaded with hydrogen-type cation exchange resin in the form of a fixed bed. Sodium antimonate colloid from the top into the bottom of the draw, continuous circulation, flow rate of about 13L per minute. When the pH of the colloidal solution was lowered from 6 to 2, it was recycled for 1H and then the solution was recovered by filtration. The ion exchange resin was regenerated with hydrochloric acid, washed with ion-free water, and then continued to be used. The filtrate was left standing for more than 10h to obtain an opaque solid-containing slurry. At 100 deg C to remove water concentration, and then dried to obtain colloidal antimony pentoxide. 2. Reflux oxidation method 14.58 parts of antimony trioxide and 19.40 parts of deionized water were placed in a stirred tank and stirred to a slurry. After heating to 95 ° C., the water in the reflux condenser was turned on, and the hydrogen peroxide was slowly added dropwise with stirring. During the dropwise addition, the temperature should not exceed 95 °c. After 11.40 parts of hydrogen peroxide having a concentration of 28% was added, heating and refluxing were continued for 45min with stirring to obtain a thick white slurry. After slightly cooling, filter, remove the pellet or block, and dry at 90 ° C. To obtain the finished product. When 4.25 parts of triethanolamine was added to the thick slurry of the reaction product, the mixture was mixed uniformly with stirring, filtered, and dried at 100 ° C., antimony pentoxide was also obtained as a yellow powder. 3. After dissolving the chloro-antimonic acid HSbCl6 with a small amount of water, and then adding water to the cold solution, the following hydrolysis reaction occurs, and ammonia water is added, and the Sb2O5 is completely precipitated by heating on a water bath, when all of them were to be settled, they were repeatedly poured, repeatedly washed with water, and after washing, Suction filtration was carried out, and the precipitate was dried by heating on a water bath to obtain Sb2O5. 4. Potassium antimonate (sodium) Gel Sol method water was added to sodium antimonate, stirred and dispersed at a concentration of 0.3g/mL, and 35% hydrochloric acid was added under stirring, heated to 40 ℃, reacted for 4H, antimony pentoxide gel slurry was generated. After separation by filtration and washing with pure water, the obtained antimony pentoxide filter cake was added with pure water, triethanolamine was added, and heated to 75 ° C. For 5h to obtain antimony pentoxide Sol product. |
| category | toxic substances |
| toxicity grade | poisoning |
| Acute toxicity | intraperitoneal-rat LD50: 4000 mg/kg; Intraperitoneal-mouse LD50: 978 mg/kg |
| flammability hazard characteristics | non-combustible |
| storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; It is stored separately from reducing agents and food additives |
| fire extinguishing agent | dry powder, foam, sand, carbon dioxide, water mist |
| Occupational Standard | TWA 0.5 mg (antimony)/m3 |
Last Update：2024-04-10 22:29:15
Supplier List
Spot supply
Product Name: Antimony pentoxide Request for quotationCAS: 1314-60-9
Tel: +86-17551318830
Email: r@reformchem.com
Mobile: +86-17551318830
QQ: 3787852685
Spot supply
Product Name: Antimony pentoxide Request for quotationCAS: 1314-60-9
Tel: +86-17551318830
Email: r@reformchem.com
Mobile: +86-17551318830
QQ: 3785839865
Spot supply
Product Name: Antimony pentoxide Request for quotationCAS: 1314-60-9
Tel: +86-17551318830
Email: r@reformchem.com
Mobile: +86-17551318830
QQ: 3787852685
Spot supply
Product Name: Antimony pentoxide Request for quotationCAS: 1314-60-9
Tel: +86-17551318830
Email: r@reformchem.com
Mobile: +86-17551318830
QQ: 3785839865
View History
Raw Materials for Antimony pentoxide